Tenses

SIMPLE PRESENT

Affirmative/Negative/Question :

A: He speaks.
N: He does not speak.
Q: Does he speak?

Use :

1. action in the present taking place once, never or several times
2. facts
3. actions taking place one after another
4. action set by a timetable or schedule

Signal Words:

always, every …, never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually
if sentences type I (If I talk, …)

    PRESENT PROGESSIVE 

Affirmative/Negative/Question :

A: He is speaking.
N: He is not speaking.
Q: Is he speaking?

Use : 

1. action taking place in the moment of speaking
2. action taking place only for a limited period of time
3. action arranged for the future

Signal Words: at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, Look!, now, right now

     SIMPLE PAST

Affirmative/Negative/Question :

A: He spoke.
N: He did not speak.
Q: Did he speak?

Use :

1. action in the past taking place once, never or several times
2. actions taking place one after another
3. action taking place in the middle of another action

Signal Words: yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
if sentence type II (If I talked, …)

PAST PROGESSIVE

Affirmative/Negative/Question :

A: He was speaking.
N: He was not speaking.
Q: Was he speaking?

Use:

1. action going on at a certain time in the past
2. actions taking place at the same time
3. action in the past that is interrupted by another action

Signal Words: when, while, as long as 

 

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Dapat saya katakan bahwa jam 9 besok saya sudah akan sedang berenang selama 30 menit.

Besok toh? Yes, kan future.
Jam 9 Sudah mulai toh? Yes, kan mulainya jam 8:30
Masiah akan terus kan? Yes, kan jadwalnya sampai jam 10:00.

Sudah, sedang, akan, di masa datang! Itulah inti dari Future Perfect Tense.

jadi kalimat Future Perfect Continuous Tense lengkapnya :

• I will have been swimming for 30 minutes at 9 tomorrow

Perhatikan sesuai rumusnya berikut:

Rumus Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Positif: S + will + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + will + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Will + S + have + been + Ving

Berikut ini contoh lagi untuk Future Perfect Continuous Tense, disederhanakan agar mudah difahami rumusnya. Konteks dipakainya kan sudah saya jelaskan di bagian atas.

• You will have been working …
• They will have been driving home …
• She will have been learning music …